Application of cox proportional hazard model to ‎study the influence of determinants on under five ‎mortality in Odisha, India

Authors

  • Srinibasa Sahoo Ph.D., Department of Statistics, Utkal University, Odisha
  • Ranjan Kumar Sahoo Professor, Department of Statistics, Central University of Haryana, India

Received date: March 29, 2025

Accepted date: April 14, 2025

Published date: April 20, 2025

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14419/qbe28963

Keywords:

Under-Five Mortality; Multivariate Proportional Hazard Model; NFHS-4; NFHS

Abstract

This study investigates under-five mortality (U5M) dynamics in Odisha using National Family ‎Health Survey (NFHS) data through five models incorporating socio-economic, environmental, ‎demographic, nutritional, and media variables. Employing the Cox Proportional Hazard model ‎facilitates time-to-event analysis, accommodating censored observations and handling multiple ‎covariates. The model's assumption of proportional hazard ratios over time suits the study of ‎U5M, a time-dependent event. Table 1 presents hazard ratios from NFHS-4 to NFHS-5, ‎revealing evolving trends in U5M risk factors. Significant contributors include maternal ‎education, with hazard ratios decreasing across education levels, indicating improved ‎associations with U5M in NFHS-5. Rural areas exhibit consistently higher hazard ratios, while ‎wealthier households show potential rises in U5M risk. Varied impacts on U5M risk emerge for ‎birth-related factors. These findings underscore the changing landscape of U5M risk factors in ‎Odisha, offering a foundation for evidence-based policymaking to address evolving socio-‎demographic dynamics impacting child survival in the region‎.

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Received date: March 29, 2025

Accepted date: April 14, 2025

Published date: April 20, 2025